The try-catch-finally Blocks in Java

The try-catch-finally Blocks in Java To make a Java program as robust as possible it needs to be able to handle exceptions. The compiler does its part by not allowing you to compile a program until it is syntactically correct and can also point out checked exceptions that must be handled. But the exceptions that are likely to cause the most headaches are the ones that appear once the program is running. To help handle these exceptions the Java language provides the try-catch-finally blocks. The try Block The tryblock encases any statements that might cause an exception to occur. For example, if you are reading data from a file using the FileReader class, its expected that you handle the IOExceptions associated with using a FileReader object, for example,FileNotFoundExceptionand IOException. To ensure this happens, you can place the statements that deal with creating and using the FileReader object inside a try block:However, the code is incomplete because, in order for the exception to be handled, we need a place for it to be caught. This happens in the catch block.The catch Block The catch block(s)  provide a place to handle the exception thrown by the statements within a try block. The catch block is defined directly after the try block. It must specify the type of exception it is handling. For example, the FileReader object defined in the code above is capable of throwing a FileNotFoundException or an IOException. We can specify two catch blocks to handle both of those exceptions:In the FileNotFoundExceptioncatchblock we could place code to ask the user to find the file for us and then try to read the file again. In the IOException catch block, we might just pass on the I/O error to the user and ask them to try something else. Either way, we have provided a way for the program to catch an exception and handle it in a controlled manner.In Java SE 7, it became possible to handled multiple exceptions in one catch block. If the code we wanted to place in the two catch blocks above was exactly the same we could write the code like this instead:In order to do a bit of housekeeping as far as resources go, we can add a finally block. After all, we want to release the file we have been reading from once we are finished. The finally Block The statements in the finally block are always executed. This is useful to clean up resources in the event of the try block executing without an exception and in the cases when there is an exception. In both eventualities, we can close the file we have been using.   The finally block appears directly after the last catch block:

Certified and Certificated

Certified and Certificated Certified and Certificated Certified and Certificated By Maeve Maddox ï ¿ ¼Hiriyanna Balakrishna Shetty wonders about the difference between certified and certificated: Do they mean the same ? The dictionary definitions for both words overlap. The OED gives these definitions for certified as a past participle: Made certain; assured; certainly informed; attested by certificate; furnished with a certificate.: It gives these definitions for certificate as a transitive verb: To attest (a fact) by a certificate. To furnish (a person) with a certificate. To license or authorize by certificate. In use, however, certificated seems to belong to the educational sphere, while certified is the word used to describe standards and qualifications in other occupations and industries. Until recently, I’ve thought of certificated as chiefly British usage, but the term occurs very frequently now in the U.S. educational context. For example, In Philadelphia more than 2,000 of the 12,000 classroom teachers have emergency teaching certificates. More than 42,000 of the 275,000 teaching positions in Texas are filled by uncertificated educators. Certified derives from the verb to certify; certificated from the noun certificate. The verb entered the language before the noun. First came certify to describe the act of making certain. Then came certificate for the document that attested to the certainty. If I wanted to talk about a person whose qualifications include a professional certificate, I’d use certified: certified public accountant, certified plumber. In speaking of inanimate objects I’d refer to certified milk or certified mail. Lately I’ve noticed such expressions as certificated air carriers and certificated stock. For all I know, these terms have a technical meaning that is different from certified air carriers and certified stock. I would expect to follow a company style sheet in the matter. In my own writing, unless provided with a very strong reason to do so, I would never use certificate as a verb form. From a stylistic viewpoint, certificated and uncertificated are ugly words. (My spell-check flags uncertificated as erroneous.) They also smack of jargon. Its one thing to talk about â€Å"certificated and uncertificated personnel† in stuffy administrative documents. After all, educators love Eduspeak: inflated, euphemistic words that obscure the facts beneath. Writers whose intention is to inform the public might want to avoid Eduspeak. When it comes to uncertificated teachers, words like â€Å"unqualified† and â€Å"unlicensed† spring to mind. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs Enquire"Wracking" or "Racking" Your Brain?Preposition Mistakes #1: Accused and Excited

Social Meaning of Vampires Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Meaning of Vampires - Essay Example Eighteenth century can be bestowed with the credit for promoting the vampire phenomena after tons of vampire superstitions flew into Western Europe. However, it was Bram stoker’s vampire novel by the name of Dracula that greatly popularized the modern vampire superstition. When questioned about the image of Vampires or Dracula to be more precise, plentiful of people will be of the opinion that Vampires are nothing but tall, dark and handsome men dressed in a long white or black cape and have blood flowing out of their mouths like a river. Others think that Vampires are young, gorgeous, sensual and young women who seduce people, men mostly, in their beds at night and then succeed to suck their blood. This wide realm of opinions proves the very noticeable fact that the social meaning of vampires and the cultural meaning of vampires significantly fluctuate from one area to the other, one region to the other and one continent to the other. To begin with, in ancient Babylonia, people faithfully believed that there existed a female vampire popularly known as Lilu and Lilu was seen feeding and nourishing the pregnant women and at times the newborn babies in that region. On the other hand, in Slavic regions, the residents of that area believed that vampires took birth due to a collection of reasons and some of those reasons were offensive burial rituals and practices and dying an â€Å"unnatural death. (Vampires: The Origin of the Myth by Adrian Nicholas McGrath) In this increasingly modernizing world, as science and technology advances with every passing second, several cultural interpretations exist revolving around vampires. Various cultures and societies place unique concentration and even more distinctive interpretation to these deadly creatures. However, there exists an overlapping section where one can find some of

Money & Banking - economics 321 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Money & Banking - economics 321 - Coursework Example It is in these circumstances wherein the so-called boom emerges. This boom in the financial sector as most crises have demonstrated is typified by a fragility that made much worse by credit and speculation. According to Kindleberger, this leads to a series of events such as how price increases leads to a rush for investment as profit opportunities loom large. This is an event that feeds upon itself: the opportunities that promise profit would bring in a new wave of investors and that the positive feedback that is perceived in the process and the outpour of investment increases further profit, which then encourages further investments. He then explained how this leads to what Minsky called as euphoria and when the speculation variable is thrown in, it finally results in overtrading, which aggravate the fragility of the situation. As speculation and overtrading bring in more investors, the probability of crashes increases as speculation for profit drives the ‘manias’ or â €˜bubbles’.† During the feverish economic activity driven by speculative boom, a point is identified to emerge wherein prices start to level and uncertainty start to creep in. This situation, in Kindleberger’s theory creates a period of financial distress, which finally launches a steady downward spiral: There is an inevitable burst as the market started the race to withdraw. In the event of a rush to liquidate, the bubble bursts and further panic ensues. The problem will reach crisis proportions as financial institutions fail, prices decline and the number of bankruptcies spike. This stage, according to Kindleberger, is called revulsion when panic finally seizes the economic system, which is aggravated by liquidity, which, though orderly at times, can actually degenerate and spin out of control, feeding the panic further in the process. The Kindleberger’s revulsion of concept is more popularly known in the nineteenth century as â€Å"discredit.† There are other variables

Key Skill Essay Example for Free

Key Skill Essay Ensure your work is accurate and clear and is saved appropriately  You need to have achieved Key Skills 9 and 10. In addition your teacher needs to have verified that the work is both accurate and clear. This means they need to have supplied a written statement saying that the work is accurate. They cannot do this is there are any mistakes so check the work clearly. Advantages and Disadvantages of using ICT for this task  Demonstrate knowledge of how IT can help you in your work and be able to compare your use of IT with other methods  You need to write about how IT helped you to produce your presentation. This might include spell-check making sure that the words were spelt correctly, or the use of cut and paste to move objects around the page to try out different layouts.  The second part of this Key Skill needs you to write about how else you might have done this presentation. You need to compare creating computer generated presentation with another method maybe using a pen and pencil. The advantages and disadvantages of using IT  You need to list at least two advantages and two disadvantage of using IT to write the story. Example You might have used a pen and paper. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a pen and paper to write the story against using a computer?  You must make sure that you have covered both the advantages and the disadvantages. Example  Disadvantages might include cost of hardware software and peripherals or time spent learning how to use the programs needed to search, find and use information  The Importance of Copyright and Confidentiality  When it is necessary to observe copyright or confidentiality  You need to write a few lines about copyright what it is and how it affects you and the pictures you have found on the internet and CD/Clipart. You can present screen shots from the site showing copyright information or copies of emails sent and receiving permission to use graphics, text and photographs You can write about confidentiality what it is and how it does/does not affect you. You could refer to the lack of personal information and the fact that the Data Protection Act (1998) does not affect you.  Example  You have not used pictures of yourself or other young people which could identify them  Error Handling and Virus Protection  How to identify errors and their causes You will need to show, using screenshots, of errors and how to solve them. This can show the use of the office assistant, or searching for a web page that returns a not known error. It could be a picture of the spell check identifying a spelling error. How to minimise risks from viruses  You will need to provide a description of how to avoid getting viruses from floppy disks or from Internet downloads, including the purpose and use of virus checkers and how they prevent and remove a virus.  A couple of paragraphs are all that is required. Health and Safety Matters Work safely and take care of equipment, avoid losing information and know how to get help when dealing with errors  You will need to write a paragraph about:  Taking care of equipment e.g. storage of disks:  You must not put your disks near a magnet as this will delete the content, not throwing them around  Avoiding loss of information e.g. use of AutoSave or backup. Saving information onto disks as well as the account at school  Obtaining help e.g. on-line help, telephone support or teacher assistance.   I could not work out how to adjust the margins so I used the online help (screenshots here)  You need to show (through screenshots) that you have backed up your files. How to work safely and minimise health risks  You need to write a short paragraph about two health and two safety risks involved in using computers.  You may write about the use of anti-glare screens and taking a break from using the computer to rest your eyes or wrists. You may write about repetitive strain injuries from not having the correct keyboard and backache from not having the correct chair. Think about the rules in your computer room not drinking in a computer room, trailing cables or bags in the aisle.

Robert E. Lees Life :: biographies bio biography

A LONG TIME AGO ON THE DAY OF JANUARY 19,1807 TO BE EXACT IN STARATFORD,VIRGINIA THEIR WAS A MIRACLE THAT WAS BORN.THE MIRACLE BABY THAT WAS BORN WAS NAMED ROBERT E. LEE. THE MIRACLE BABY WAS GIVEN BIRTH BY HIS MOTHER ANN HILL CARTER AND HIS FATHER NAMED HERNY LEE AND MOST PEOPLE KNOW HIM AS â€Å"LIGHT-HORSE HARRY†. HIS MOTHER ANN HAD BEEN RAISED FROM A FAMILY THAT HAD BEEN REPECTFUL AND THAT THEY HAD WORKED FOR THE VIRGINIA’S GOVERNMENT SOCIETY THAT HELD PROMINENT POTIONS. STILL LEE’S FAMILY HAD EXTENED IN THE UPPER CLASSES. DURING SOME OF THE SIGINIFICANT EVENTS THAT HAPPENED WAS THE LOTS OF SLAVERY THAT HAD WENT ON THROUGH HIS CHILDHOOD. IN 1818 ROBERT’S FATHER HERNY HAD PAST AWAY. WHEN THE FIRST GROWING ISSUE OVER SLAVERY IN THE UNTIED STATES HAD SOON INVOLVED ROBERT. ROBERT E. LEE WAS A GREAT GENERAL WHO COMMANDED THE CONFEDERTE ARMY IN THE AMERICAN CIVILWAR. IN 1831 ROBERT HAD MARRIED A WOMEN BY THE NAME OF MARY CUSTIS, WHO WAS THE DAUGHTER OF WASHINGTON PARKE CUSTIS. WHILE MARY AND ROBERT WHERE TOGETHER THEY HAD SEVEN CHILDERN AND THEIR NAMES WERE G.WCUSTIS,MARY,W.H.FITZHUGH,ANNIE,AGNES,ROBE-RT AND MILDERD. HE HAD MASTERFULLY FOUGHT MR.CLELLANTO A STAND STILL AT ANTIETAM AND TWO DAYS LATER HE HAD RECROSSED THE POTOMAC. FOLLOWING A STINTIN THE BALTIMORE HABOR HE BECAME SUPERINTENDENT OF THE MILTARY ACADAMY IN 1852. IN THE CHARGE OF VIRGINIA’S FLEDGLING MILTARY MIGHT, HE WAS MAINLY INVOLVED IN ORGANIZATIONAL MATTERS. IN THE FIRST SUMMER OF THE WAR HE WAS GIVEN HIS FIRST FIELD COMMAND IN WESTERN VIRGINIA. GENERAL LEE WAS A SUCCESS OF THE ENTIRE ITALIN CAMPAINGN TURNED UPON THE SUCCESSFUL PASSAGE OF THE BRIDGE OF LODI.THEY STRAGGERD UNDER THE WITHERING FIRE AND RETREATED BUT THE FAILURE WAS RUIN AND THE PAST MUST BE WON. BEFORE THE MEXICAN WAR ROBERT HAD SERVED ON ENGINEERING SOME PROJECTS IN GEORGIA, VIRGINIA, AND NEW YORK. ROBERT HAD GRADULLY BECAME â€Å"UNCLE ROBERT† AND â€Å"MARSE ROBERT†. ON APRIL 18 , 1861 RO BERT WAS OFFERED FIELD COMMAND OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY.

Abortion in Canada Should Remain Legal

â€Å"Abortion is not a crime in Canada but it is an area of the law† (Duhaime, 2010) that isn’t black and white. It has been completely legal since 1988 and our government should keep it that way. For as much as some people are anti-abortion or ‘pro-life’ they need to understand that women have abortions for a variety of reasons one being that an abortion can actually benefit the unborn child. Those who are anti-choice also claim that abortion is wrong because it violates the rights of the fetus, but what about the rights of the woman? It is a woman’s right to decide what she does with her body and though it is much debated; a fetus by logical argument is not a person and does not hold any rights. Finally, even if abortion was made illegal as it was many decades ago, desperate measure to abort unwanted children would be taken by many expecting women, with dire consequences. It is from these four statements that one can say that abortion should continue to be legal in Canada. â€Å"It is not always in the best interest of the child to be born† (Jacob, 2006). A great example comes from the book Abortion under Attack. It features a story from a girl whose father never wanted her. She â€Å"suffered emotional abuse of hearing on a regular basis that she was unwanted and unwelcomed. † (Jacob, 2006) A lot of children are sadly born into this type of unloving environment when a mother is too poor to afford an abortion and doesn’t have the support to take care of the child or when they are born into a strained relationship. When a child is born to parents who don’t want them, would it not have been in their best interest to have been aborted? Rather than be subject to emotional or physical abuse or loveless lives in group homes, they could have never had to experience any of the pain; they never would have known. The fetus is not a conscious being, so when it is aborted it feels no pain; it is as if it never existed. In other cases, a child who born to a woman who heavily used drugs throughout her pregnancy won’t have a fair chance at life. Why put an infant or child through that type of stress and withdrawal. A potential mother who is a heavy drug user should abort any baby that would have been consummated during the times she was using because that will cause unnecessary harm to the unborn child therefore it is not in the best interest of the child to be born. Another instance would be when a couple wants to have a baby but a healthy relationship isn’t in place. By healthy relationship we’re talking about one that isn’t full of anger and violence. If you bring a child into an unhealthy environment, full of negative energy it has a great impact on their development. An example of how negativity can affect the development process is seen in Dr. Emoto’s book Messages in Water. In his book he does an experimental study of whether negative words like â€Å"you fool† have a different effect on water formations than positive words such as â€Å"love† or â€Å"appreciation† (Emoto, 2008). He found that negative phrases and words create large clusters or will not form clusters, and positive, beautiful words and phrases create small, tight clusters. In basic terms negative words and positive words have different effects on the structure of ones make up. So bringing a child into a negative environment isn’t fair to them in two ways, the first being that they weren’t asked to be brought into the situation and the second being that they are going to be emotionally abused or traumatized from the constant violence. From this one could conclude that it would have been in the child’s best interest if they were never born and brought into the situation. â€Å"Only persons have a right to life, human organisms are not persons before birth therefore human organisms do not have a right to life before birth. (Jagger, 2009) A fetus is completely dependent on a mother to survive, if removed from the womb it would die. A human can independently survive when put on its own. So one can conclude that because a fetus is not viable without being attached to something else, it is human-like but not human; if anything it more closely resembles a parasite clinging to a host for life. At birth the fetus becomes human because it can no w independently breathe, move, eat etc. Now a pro-life believer could now say, ‘Would a person who is living off a kidney dialysis machine, and cannot live independently not be a person’? To answer that is the key to why a fetus is not a person. As soon as one can live independently they can be considered to be a person, if after that they become dependent they still remain persons because they have already functioned independently and crossed the line from human organism to human. Almost all of abortions are done in the first two trimesters of pregnancy, and during this time a fetus is not independently viable. The amount of abortions done in the third trimester, or after â€Å"quickening† is such a low percentage it does not make sense to make a law against it because it is so unheard of. The general understanding with an abortion is that you shouldn’t do it after you’ve felt the baby move, or once it is viable. This is a understanding that lies in the morals of humans, there is no need for a law against it because people will 9 out of 10 times make the morally correct decision. In the odd case where a third trimester abortion does occur, it is only done after evaluating all possible options and weighing all the consequences, we need to keep abortion legal so people can make the choice for themselves. Women have been fighting for their rights for decades, and taking ownership of their bodies was part of that. In 1988 Dr. Henry Montagentaler opened up several illegal (at the time) abortion clinics and challenged section 287 of the criminal code which condemned abortion. The Supreme Court ruled that section 287 offended the charter and was no longer in effect. His fight made abortion legal for all Canadian women. (Arthur, 1999) He gave women a choice, the choice to continue the pregnancy and keep the child, continue the pregnancy and give the child away or legally abort the pregnancy. The court case of Daigle v. Tremblay displays this choice in action. In Quebec 1989 Chantal Daigle became pregnant and wanted to abort the baby as she did not feel ready or capable of being a parent but her boyfriend Mr. Tremblay tried to get a court ordered injunction to prevent her from doing just that. His plea was dismissed in the Supreme Court and it became known to all that the father has no legal rights in a mother’s abortion decision, and a fetus is not a person under Quebec law it holds no rights. From this case we can see that a woman’s rights override the rights of a fetus, if it is considered to have any. Women can’t be condemned for abortion because they aren’t doing anything wrong other than fighting for their rights as they’ve done for so many years. People should â€Å"not judge the choices others make,† (Piehl, 2007) as many â€Å"people say that women who have abortions do so for selfish reasons† (Piehl, 2007) but usually they’re wrong as It’s out of love. Many who â€Å"endure the pain of abortion do so to provide the quality of arenting they want for their children that they already have, to ensure financial security or to complete education. (Piehl, 2007) When viewed from this perspective we can see that when a woman gets an abortion she is doing so because she wants the best for her child. Why bring a child into a world where you cannot properly provide for them? From this we can see why abortion can be a good thing and why it should remain legal. â€Å"Between 1926 and 1947, 4000 to 6000 Canadian women died as a result of bungled illegal abortions. (Arthur, 1999) This was due to the lack of resources used by the people conducting the procedure. This in its self, shows us that women are going to dominate their bodies whether it is legal or not, so the best thing to do would be to keep it legal so a safer and cleaner procedure can be offered. â€Å"Childbirth itself is also unusually painful†¦it is hazardous to women’s health and indeed their lives. † (Tooley, 2009) To make a women go through the exquisite pain of childbirth when she may not be ready to mother a child is quite cruel. There are many different procedures for abortion, but all have to be done with care or the life of the mother is put at risk. We need to keep abortions legal so that doctors can be adequately trained in the different procedures and fewer Canadian women will die as a result. A wise man once said â€Å"The state has no business in the bedrooms of the nation† in reference to abortion. (Arthur, 1999) Though abortion was illegal up until quite recently we should keep it that way. To take away someone’s choice about their bodies is an infringement on human rights, and the fetus has no rights as it is not a person. We also have to understand that with such a big issue, even if it was made illegal people would continue to do it, so we may as well have them doing it in a safe manner. Abortion is quite a controversial issue in Canada, and all over the world but it should remain legal in Canada because we all need to have a choice, whether it is believed to be moral or immoral is irrelevant; we, as human beings need to have the option to make a choice and live with the decision.

La Liberte guidant le peuple

Art is beyond the limitations of country boundaries and its values should be shared by people from all over the world eternally. When talking about art, I have to say that France Is my favorite country for the representation of art, as the country has a long history for pursuing art and fashion since Louis XIV, the King of Sun, who Is a king keen on the pursuit of art and fashion. Therefore In this summer I took the opportunity to go to Louvre Museum In Paris to pay a visit to the famous 011 paintings in the museum.In this essay, I would like to choose one of the famous oil painting La Liberty guiding el people from my personal perspective of gendered art. On entering the museum, I could sense a strong atmosphere of history and a deep sense of reverence rose deep from my soul. Then I saw the famous painting drawn by Delicacies. In the middle of the painting is a young French lady who is calling on her villagers to fight against the Restoration of Bourbon in July Revolution.The woman is half naked in the upper part of her body, with her breasts out. On her right hand, she is holding a flag with three colors, which represent freedom, equality and philanthropist. Now the flag has become the national flag of the Republic of France. On her left hand, she was grasping a long gun with a sharp knife on It. Though she Is wearing a long dress, we can see her legs are powerful and firm, and she Is leading the soldiers to move forward across the dead bodies and the ruins of the bulldogs.The background of this painting is set before Notre Dame in Paris where there is full f the smokes from gunpowder, which shows that the war is in its hottest point. Most of the critiques believe that she is the symbol of freedom, with great passion and romantic characters. To look at the female in detail, we can find that this woman shows a temperament of masculinity different from her own gender.Different from John Burger's traditional opinion on man and woman in artistic works, which mean s that a man's presence is dependent upon the promise of power, while a women's presence expresses her own attitude to herself, or his belief that men focus on the outside while women focus on the inner part Noon Berger, 1 990), here a sense of cross-gender Identification Is emphasized In the work as a way of showing opposition to the old binary system. As a result, the symbolic meaning In this painting Is evident.Just as the view from feminist that â€Å"gender is a social construction† this painting seems to reconstruct our social norm about the binary system. Traditionally, gender is presented as biological and predetermined instead of a culturally constructed, external performance (Sloop, 2004). So although the women act like men, their female dies are inscribed with sexual frailty—a weakness that can only be matched by masculine strength as their rescuer is physically privileged (Sarah Cornfield, 2011).This painting seems to doubt that: why men should be prior to women? As is seen, on the left side of the painting, there is a dead, thin male body, whose lower part of the body Is naked. Also, beside the leg of the woman, there Is a male enemy whose seems to be begging for the forgiveness of the woman and the working class. These two characters are uncommon in the paintings, as they show the weakness of male In trench. Throughout the history of OLL painting, male Image seldom appears weaker than female image, according to the introduction of John Berger.What is more, on the painting: he is holding his gun high up his head alongside with the woman. Contrary to use a strong and matured male as the hero in the painting, the existence of a young boy, though not so powerful than a strong male, represents the hope emerging in the new world. On the left side of the woman, there are two men dressing very fashionably. They represent the emerging working class who are fighting against the Bourbon. But they are not the main characters in this painting, a s their existence is for the purpose to highlight to woman representing freedom.After all, all of the unusual and creative arrangements by the painter here in fact want to suggest us that everything old will be ruined and a new social norm based on love freedom and equality will be set up in the future. To sum up, the bold imagination, the rich implied meanings in this work all contribute to its successes during the whole history. This painting gives us a romantic and ideal feeling in the severe war, and constructs our traditional conception on gender, that women not always appear as a weak image and women can be more powerful men to some extent.However, in the same time I also admit the fact that differences between male and female do exist. And in the whole painting history, as Berger has pointed out, the â€Å"ideal† is always assumed to be male and the image of the woman is designed to flatter him. In my opinion, as long as the painting present people with the aesthetic c haracters of masculinity and femininity instead of torturing them. I admire the painter Eugene

Essay about management 521

Essay about management 521 Essay about management 521 Management Roles and Responsibilities Managers of a business are the key personal within an organization. These are the individuals in charge of the employees and staff, also the managers is the ones ultimately responsible for every person and all operations within. Managers are responsible for profit of the organization along with controlling the loss within the organization. These factors include labor control, marketing, and many other duties. However one of the most important roles a manager must take charge of planning how the organization will be profitable and run efficiently. According to O’Brien, Scott, and Gibbons (2013), even the middle manager must view and organize a strategy or a plan for the organization. Businesses change and evolve constantly, thus it makes perfect since the â€Å"middle manager† or General Manager must develop a plan within their department or restaurant for example. Because many middle managers usually focus solely on growth of the business, it is easy to lose the processes which may have caused the failures to grow. When a middle manager focuses on all aspects of the business, it becomes clear growth usually follows. This is because the middle manager needs to deal with all aspects of operations first hand. Regional managers or corporate managers believe this is handled by the middle managers or general manager. As O’Brien, Scott, and Gibbons (2013) explain, the middle manager must cope with operations such as, internal customer base, external customers, suppliers, products, services, along with marketing and costs of all operations as well. The ole of a manager even flows into a coach or trainer as Abdullah, Baroto, Ismail, and Tat (2011) explain, managers are supervisors of training; therefore a manager is also a supervisor of support and communication. As a manager there are more roles that must be played, however, if a manager has a strategic plan in place and uses critical thought while manifesting this plan, most issues would be ironed out prior to even occurring, thus, making it a smooth transition in a natural disaster hits, or if a competitor moves into the area. Managers must have a strategic plan in affect; this plan is applied for the complete organization, where an organizational plan is directed in one department. However, if an organization is looking to refocus or to go global, a strategic plan would be necessary as it would essentially affect the company as a whole. Managers perform different tasks; after having a matrix in place one of the critical tasks is the SWOT analysis. This is a tool to help managers recognize the strengths and weaknesses of the organization as well as the opportunities or threats. The manager must be familiar with the mission of the organization and have the ability to identify the goals necessary to accomplish the overall organizational needs. It is important for the stakeholders to be present in a formal meeting to

Wait Listed Getting Creative Might Be the Answer

Wait Listed Getting Creative Might Be the Answer On April 15, 2010 the New York Times printed an Op-Ed entitled â€Å"The Wait List is the Hardest Part.†Ã‚   The editorial was written by Saffa Khan, a senior in high school who was waitlisted at four colleges. The content of the article was of course valuable, and 17-year-old Saffa gets points for making a Tom Petty reference.   But I’m not concerned with her content.   The thing that caught my attention is simply that a high school senior got published in the New York Times!   Saffa took huge initiative, worked hard to write a piece that would be of value, and put it out there to the world. If you were a college admissions committee, do you think you might take notice? This student stands out amongst all the others who just sit there, waiting, hoping, wondering.   She even stands out amongst the students who send additional essays, or letters about why X school is their first choice, or new letters of recommendation.   All those things might help you to get off the waitlist, but getting published in the New York Times takes the cake. Do you have something you can achieve that is truly out of the ordinary?   Can you get published in a national newspaper?   Win a poetry, science or chess contest or competition?   Self-publish a book?   Solve a problem that hasn’t been solved? If you’re serious about getting off the waitlist, my advice is to follow Saffa’s example – and stop waiting.

Ice Fili Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ice Fili Analysis - Essay Example The international players such as Nestlà © and the others mostly sold the product through franchised restaurants and cafà © networks. The Russian ice cream industry weathered rough storms with the events like the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the 1998 financial crisis, adoption and implementation of an open market policy and the resultant influx of a large number of foreign investors making the competitive scenario extremely difficult to survive for the local ice cream manufacturers such as Ice Fili. Offered 170 different varieties of ice cream products as opposed to the limited number of products offered by the regional manufacturers which predominantly sold ice creams in vanilla and chocolate flavors. Added almost 20 new products to its value chain every year. Had the required management expertise, technological know-how, financial resources as well as a good understanding of the Russian markets that helped it in surviving the two most challenging phases in Russian history – the introduction and implementation of the Open Market Policy and the financial crisis of 1998. Devaluation of the economy during the 1998 financial crisis leading to increased reliance on local suppliers instead of imported goods, which lead to major cost savings. Also, the financial crisis lead to a forced exit of several major competitors such as Baskin Robbins, Ben and Jerry’s, Unilever etc Development of new local supplier base engaged in manufacturing ice cream production equipment, thereby leading to major cost savings that would otherwise have been spent on importing expensive pieces of equipment from international markets Sale of ice creams in restaurants contributed to 3% of sales was a relatively less explored market and could be exploited to gain the first mover advantage.

The Importance of Logo for any Organisation Essay

The Importance of Logo for any Organisation - Essay Example Logo Of Fila 11 Conclusion 12 Recommendations 13 Bibliography And References 15 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report explains the importance of logo for any organisation and how important logo is in communicating the offerings and values of the organisation to the target audience as well as the society. The report explains that the logo should be prepared considering different aspects and management should pay a lot of attention while deigning of logo. As logo is a critical marketing tool which is not changed every year therefore it is important that the management comes up with a logo that is able to reflect the existing and future offerings of the company, the industry in which is operating, the products and services that the company would like to offer, the values of the organisation and the brand image. It is very important that the logo of the company should be catchy, engaging and pleasing to the eyes of the target audience. The logo should be able to communicate important features or characteristics that differentiate the organisation from others. Importantly, logo should make the firm stand out and logo should look prominent when logos of other firms in the industry are compared. The report analyses the logo of Zara, a retailer that offers clothing and other accessories for men, women and kids. The logo of Zara and what it communicates to the people is studied and its logo has been compared with other logos in the fashion industry. Recommendations have been given in order to improve the logo so that it becomes more appealing and more engaging for the target audience. introduction Logo is a graphical image or icon or a trademark used by organisations to reflect their name so that people are able to recognize the organisation (Design, 2005). Logo is the identity of the business and organisations around the world spent a lot of time in designing their logos as logo reflect the company and a dull or a common logo would not be able to attract customers or help people recognize the brand (Williamson, 1994). It is important for organisations to differentiate their logo from others so that they are able to recognize at once when they glance at the logo (Rivers, 2002). Logo is considered as one of the most important marketing tools as it is used in different places like promotional tools such as brochures, flyers, advertisements, and other marketing material (Duffy, & Hopper, 2003). A good logo helps in communicating what the company is about and what it can offer to its customers whereas a poor logo confuses people and they are unsure what the company is about and what it could offer to customers (Olins, 2003). The shape, colours and how the name or logo is presented is important as it gives the idea of the presentation of the company and if an organisation have not focused on its logo which is the symbolic representation of the company, then how it could offer quality products to its customers (Pavitt, 2002). This report analyses logo of one of the firms in the fashion industry, Zara. The logo is Zara is confusing as it is not able to represent what the company offers. Selection of Logo Zara is one of the leading fashion brands in the international industry offerings variety of clothing and different accessories for people of all ages. The company has its he adquarters in Arteixo, Spain and it has been operating since 1975. Zara offers clothing products for men, women as well as kids. There are lots of variety available for each group of people as one can find jackets, sweaters, blazers, shoes, jeans, shirts, t-shirts etc (Tiplady, 2006). Zara has been described as one of the most innovative retailers internationally by Louis Vuitton (CNN, 2001). As it has been claimed that Zara is one of the most innovative retailers therefore the company should have a logo that could